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XIV
only 23 assemblies were not held in this place. Particular land assemblies, held in other places, mainly in the capitals of lands, are always exceptions, although their number indicates the ongoing decentralization of the general assembly.
In the second period, the general assemblies have a certain advantage over the particular ones in terms of numbers, but they are very small. Out of the total number of 140 sejmiks, 73 were held in Wiśnia and 67 particular sejmiks, of which 17 in Lviv for the Lviv Land, 19 in Sanok for the Sanok Land and 28 in Przemyśl for the Przemyśl Land. Compared to the previous period, the number of particular assemblies has doubled, just as the number of general assemblies has doubled - and since such doubled general and particular assemblies are equal in total number of each type, we can no longer speak of an advantage of one over the other, but rather the increasing decentralization of the assemblies should be noted.
Are only external reasons, as already mentioned war, the cause of this decentralization? The files collected here explain that the sejmik itself was the germ of decentralization. However, the deputies elected in Wiśnia to the Sejm are not representatives of the entire voivodeship, or even of the entire voivodeship, but only of their own land, and each of them, i.e. Lviv, Przemyśl and Sanok, elects two deputies each. Each land has its own special interests, which it recommends defending and promoting; there are different wishes in each of them as to the standard of taxes, unless, for example, the land of Sanok, which was unpopulated, mountainous and not very fertile at that time, could not provide the same collections from land or smoke as the populous and fertile land of Lviv did. Therefore, each land declared taxes differently in Bejma, one agreed to collections, the other rejected some of them, or took all collections to the brothers, i.e. to its particular sejmik - to which the nobility of another land or the same voivodeship, if they did not have goods in it, did not belong. An outstanding example of such a difference and therefore a breakdown in the unity of the provincial assembly can be seen in 1019. This year, when the levies for the brothers were passed in Wiśnia, the people of Sanok replied that the sejmik resolutions did not concern them at all, because they had already agreed to the levies during the sejm and would only issue them. In our period, there was a complete separation of lands in terms of taxes. The voivodeship declared a certain general tax amount at the sejm, and at the Wisze sejmik, each land, according to the agreed agreement, paid its share and for this purpose decided to collect taxes. There was no question of any tax unity, because each land decided on the most convenient tax for itself. This breakdown of unity is visible in the laudes themselves, treating taxes separately for the Lviv land, the Przemyśl land and, finally, the Sanok land separately 2).
The breakdown of the unity of the general assembly is also visible in matters related to defense, on which resolutions are adopted differently for each land. We see an example of this in the Wiszeń Laudum of August 23, 1432. At that time, all
') Lauda T. I. No. 121-123, No. 125, 126. ') Lauda U. No. 142, 185, 290,
15th the lands of a soldier enlisted for a short time, each land its own banner. Well, the land of Lviv decides at the local council to keep its soldier, and the land of Przemyśl orders to dismiss its soldier; The land of Sanok would even like to pay a tax on a soldier in order to have him, but since it cannot do it without other brothers, it wants to look for a way to have this soldier in the draft.