"•) The chancellor, also a grand logothete, was, according to Miron Kostyn, the highest official of the state, occupying the first place in the senate after the prince. "This officium - says Miron Kostyn in the above-mentioned Order of the Senate, and lands of offices 1. c. page 269 - is that the great seal is to be attached to him, the privilegia is to be signed and the decree is also related to hospodar's carpets, etc. It is to him that they send judgments about the hereditary estates of the nobility, it is also up to him to divide the mounds of demarcation ad aequalitatem, where, if he is not his own person, he sends a second logotete, or someone else, his faithful. All the landed nobility, nomine curtains, are under his directia: a green staff with golden-yellow painted cubes.
*') Pyrkałab, for rum. parkalab, meant (as we mentioned in the document * II. n. 34) the same as starosta - castellan in Poland; and as for the name, it is taken according to Miklosicz, Fremdworter, 47. from raagy. porkolab, which for its part was created with medium success. burcgrave (now burggraf), purkrabe in Czech, burgrave in Polish, etc.
^^) Postelnik, in Rum. postelnicu, meant the senate according to the Order, and the lands. offices 1. c. pag. 270 the same as the marshal and had its name apparently because he was allowed to enter even if the hospodar was not yet dressed and even if he had not been called. "The marshal," we read further in the Order, "walks to the hospodar with a silver cane, completely bound. He judges all the hospodar's court: aprods, cursars (according to the Putna Chronicle - usars, i.e. bailiffs) and Turks, and for this he should know the postelnik and the Turkish language. The divine pyrkalaby belongs to his staff."
2) As for the court and state offices in Moldavia, the oldest details about this subject can be found in the so-called Putna Chronicle, composed in the years 1466—1552 in the Putna Monastery in the Romanian language, and then translated into Polish and published with contributions about events between 1552 and 1566 (this chronicle appeared for the first time, but with very significant errors, according to the manuscript of Adam Naruszewicz, in Starożytna biblioteka pisarzy polskich, Warsaw 1843—44; 2nd ed. 1854—55) in Archiva istorica of Hasdeu vol. III. pag. 1—34; they are also found, only much more extensively, in the chronicle of Grigore Ureche, published in Letopisețul Țării Moldovei (AtToniciniAf n'kpii MoAĄCKii [Letopisețul Țării Moldovei]) vol. I. pag. 104—105, and finally in the several times mentioned Porządek senat. i ziem. urzędów of Miron Costin l. c. pag. 269—273. Some interesting details about this subject and generally about the domestic affairs of Moldavia and Multany in the years 1659—1660 are also given in the Arabic report of Archdeacon Paul of Aleppo to the then Patriarch of Antioch, published for the first time, as we said above in note 1), in the English translation of Belfour in the work: The Travels of Macarius etc., and the second time in the Romanian translation of Hasdeu, in Archiva istorica vol. I. part 2. pp. 59—111 (75—76); and, most extensively, in Cantemir's Beschreibung der Moldau pag. 186—208; in Fotino's 'laTopia iT,; 7:x'/.x'. lr/J.x; [Ιστορία της πάλαι Δακίας], republished by Gheorghe Sion under the title: Istoria generala a Daciei sau a Transilvaniei, terrei Muntenesci si a Moldoviei de Dionisiu Fotino, Bucuresci, 1859 vol. III. 252—311; also in Venelin's Baaxo-6ojrapcKifl rpaiiaTLi [Vlakho-bolgarskie gramoty], pag. 191—201 and in many other, more or less known works.
'*) Ob. note 1.
VIII.
The Moldavian prince Sz.czepan '), surnamed the Great, guarantees to merchants of Lviv, as well as to merchants of other cities of the Ruthenian and Podolia lands, the same commercial rights and freedoms as his predecessor Peter, with the difference, however, that the toll in Tygin, which was abolished by Peter,
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