With a feeling of deep gratitude, I declare here that I owe the reading of the inscriptions on these seals and the marking of the coat of arms to the truly rare kindness and helpfulness of the most outstanding and reliable Polish sphragist, Dr. Fr. Piekosiuski. From the above description we can see that originally there were 47 seals on this document, there are still 44 seals left, and the fifth, sixteenth and twentieth are missing. Several seals are pressed with one and the same piston, namely no. 3, 34 and 47, — then no. 2 and 37, — then no. 6 and 38, — then no. 8 and 24, - hereinafter no. 10, 18 and 32, - hereinafter no. 14, 2G and 40, - hereinafter no. 19 and 27, - hereinafter no. 22, 42, 43 and 44, - hereinafter no. 23, 30 and 39, - hereinafter no. 29 and 35 and finally no. 36, 45 and 4C. A seal appearing in numbers. 1, 14, 26, 40 and 41 with minor variations, similar to Kushaba, considered
Dr. Piekosiński for a kind of stirrup or iron that is used in carts to put the horse's necklace on the shaft. Of the 65 nobility who joined this confederation, only 47 affixed their seals, and of the names on these seals, only a few match those found in the document itself. These differences can perhaps be explained in this way, either that the sons, who did not have their own seals, used the seal left by their father, or that the nobleman, having moved to other estates, subscribed to these estates and the name of the former estates was engraved on the seal (this is also supported by the fact that, as the explanations given below in the notes show, all participants of the confederation subscribe to estates in the Lviv and Zhydachiv lands, that is, from those on which they sat in 1464) or finally, that a nobleman who did not have his own seal used the seal of another nobleman who used the same coat of arms. Therefore, finding out which of the participants mentioned in the document belongs to each individual seal hanging at the bottom would be extremely difficult, or perhaps even impossible. In any case, these inscriptions contain rich heraldic material that may one day be useful to a skilled heraldist.
It is known that the confederation or, as the participants themselves say, konjui-acya, as they call themselves coniurati, was directed against the noble Odrowąż family, and especially the Odrowąż family from Sprowa, so we do not find a single nobleman with the Odrowąż seal among the participants. Among the nobility holding offices in the Lviv region at that time, the document does not mention the then deputy judge Jan of Wysokie, because he used the Odrowąż coat of arms, the cupbearer Mikołaj of Romanów, who, according to Niesiecki, was to use the Bożawol coat of arms, the town judge Wojciech Swathek, the sub-starosta Jan of Sokolniki, of whom I do not know what coat of arms they used, and some smaller names unknown to me. The voivodeship, castellany and starosty were in the hands of the Odrowąż family from Sprowa, namely the Ruthenian voivodeship and starosty, or, as it was then often called, Lviv, as well as the Jewish tenuta in the hands of Andrzej, and the Lviv castellany in the hands of Paweł the Odrowąż family from Sprowa.
The above document, as well as the next one, concerning the same matter, as it is an obligation issued by the city of Lviv, are undoubtedly among the most important that found a place in this collection. This is perhaps a unique confederation in Polish history and a close connection of all the local nobility with the city, which is therefore placed completely on an equal footing with the nobility to such an extent that the nobility is obliged not to hold any assembly without the participation of city representatives. Długosz writes about the final settlement of this matter in 1465, but he does not mention the established confederation.
Neither the above document nor the next one was published in print; until now, they were only known from the inaccurate provision of the content in Zubrzycki's chronicle of the city of Lviv, pages 116 and 117, where Zubrzycki also provides in more than one place an incorrect list of the nobility who took part in it. The seals of the confederated nobility have never been described anywhere before, except in the only inventory of the municipal archives in Lviv, which contains descriptions so incredibly erroneous that there is almost no accurate word in them.
') Pomorzany, a town in Złoczów County.
^) Jaćmierz - a town in Sanok County.
^) Brzozdowce, a town in the Bóbrka district; this Chodorovsky was also spelled de ChO'
dorowstau\ is a present-day Chodorów town in the Bóbrecki district.
*) Branice does not exist today in eastern Galicia, but that it once existed is evident from the document printed above, no. X.
*) Olesko, a town in Złoczów County.