Therefore, even on the basis of just what has been said, it is difficult to deny the reliability of the news about P. Mogila’s visit to Western European universities, it is difficult to admit that the son of a Moldavian commander did not fulfill the conditions generally accepted among noble persons in a matter of such paramount importance as education. But what speaks even more for the reliability of the said news is the very nature of P. Mogila’s education and the ensuing nature of his activities. We will not dwell here on the fact that our metropolitan, according to contemporaries, has roiasipye at rogeskn nskhui 2), since these languages were also taught in the Lvov school *); To confirm what we have said, it is enough to point out that P. Mogila was an expert in Western European literature, highly valued the education received in foreign schools, and, realizing that in Little Russia, due to the ignorance of the clergy and the lack of education of the youth, great damage was happening to Orthodoxy, he recognized the transfer of Western science to Russian soil as the most radical means to suppress this evil, and then, Having established it in the schools he founded, he considered the best praise for these latter to be that teaching was just as good in them as in the collegiums abroad.
Taking into account everything that has been said, we come to the following, as it seems to us, not unfounded conclusion: P. Mogila received his initial education at the Lvov school, in
') See the beginning of a wise man-at-arms with a stupid Rusyn in a dispute, by hand, in the library. Kyiv. Spirit. Academy No. B, 213.
*) See letter from M. Smotrytsky to Rutskoi, imprint. to Lithuania church Union of Koyalovich, vol. I, approx. 216.
*) Letop. Lviv Zubritsky brotherhood, A. 3. R. t. IV.
BIOGRAPHICAL wedding. about PETER GRAVES TO CONSENT. HIS IN THE GARDEN OF ARCHIM.
environment of the Lvov brotherhood friendly to his family, and finally - in foreign universities, listening to the dec* Shchy to which became fashionable, became a general custom among the Polish and South Russian aristocracy of the one we are considering
The first (in time) definite information about Peter Mohyla, found in contemporary monuments to him, consists of the news of his participation in the Battle of Khotyn (1621), where he, in the ranks of the Polish army, “hunted for service to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth against Soltan Osmanov, the Turkish Tsar, the main enemy of the Loskolitoe Rech and all Christianity was enlightened 1)“.
The entry of the Moldavian voivode into the service of the Polish Crown, which at first glance seems a somewhat strange phenomenon, can easily be explained, on the one hand, by the failures that befell his family in his homeland, and on the other, by the special relationship of this family to the Polish government and the Polish aristocracy. ■
At the time we are considering, there was not a single state whose political life would present greater turmoil than what we see in Moldavia and Wallachia. The electoral system of government adopted by these countries, allowing for co-operation upon reaching the throne of the rulers, opened up wide scope for intrigue and bloody fights between noble boyar families who wanted to seize the supreme power. The vassal relations of the Moldovan-Vlachian rulers in the self-interested Turkish government, which appropriated the right to approve and subsequently elect the governors themselves, further increased this evil. The ever-present possibility of purchasing the ruler's power from influential persons of the Turkish divan aroused not only among the local aristocracy,
') Archaeographic. Collection. dock. Northwestern Rus' Vol. II, No. 36. The indication that Peter Mogila participated in the Battle of Khotyn is also found in other monuments of that time. So eg. in Mnemonic, panegyric, under her guide □. In the grave, shortly after his accession to the metropolis, there is, among other things, an image of a hand with a military banner forming the monogram letter R. (i.e. Rioig), on the occasion of which the panegyrist says: “What are you doing knight?.., I see the banner of Mars in your hand!... this is not Khotin, Peter, not Turkish abuse*.
S. T. GOLUBIV,