The existence of the Little Russian peasantry, since the separation of Little Russians from Poland, has been so little understood that many people still dominate - as if until the end of the 18th century. This peasantry enjoyed complete civil freedom, which it lost by one simple decree” on May 3, 1783. Meanwhile, the closest study of the subject leads to the opposite results.
The fate of the Little Russian peasantry is closely connected with the history of the country. Like Little Russia itself, we can join Russia, tsflye. One and a half VFKA experienced the oscillating influence of the Russian administration, and the civilian class of its classes was changing all this time, gradually moving from the simplicity of the Form into which the expulsion of the Poles from Little Russia placed it, to the forms of Russian civil life. Under this pressure, in connection with the Moscow conditions, the Little Russian peasantry steadily and dissatisfiedly lost their personal rights and facilitated the desire of the Vozack elders for expansion. fight the authorities.
Podskoe is betrayed, transferred from the previous Polish one: 10 Head. The approach of the Russian gentry to the Little Russian landowners served, for them later, as a clear example of possible attitudes towards the peasants *), and given the extensive power that the Cossack elders enjoyed in Little Russia, it was not particularly difficult for them to recruit peasants into the Loddanneevs, and to join the navy from the elders themselves Panami. Having seized land rights into their own hands, the starshyna officer began to strive to obtain the right of transition from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, using which the peasants could counteract the general desire of the Little Russian landowners - to expand their rights to the peasants. Such aspiration, without presenting anything unusual in the eyes of Russian law, little by little, began to find support in this law, so that by the end of the 18th century, with the issuance of decrees on December 10, 1763 and May 3, 1783, AT ALL, apparently, did not concern the essence of legal relations between pomfshchikov and tourists, in In Little Russia, de facto and de jure, complete serfdom was formed, as if by virtue of the natural order of things, which found its support and justification in the already existing customary rights.
The proposed essay contains the history of the Little Russian peasantry during the Getmap, which we have told based on sources obtained from the Chernihiv archives. With this, we found a special wealth for the history of the internal life of the Little Russian society - in the archives of the Provincial Board; The so-called archive is kept here; On the legal way of life of the Little Russian peasantry before Khmelvitsky, see, researched 9, Leontovich - Prestyan southwestern and Roseti according to Lithuanian law in the 15th and 16th centuries, Ego, 1963, 5S K V 2 AT G g K) of the pre-Russian college, which encloses in itself the archives of the Maporossian administrative institutions of the 18th century, transported from Hlukhiv. Despite the fact that many papers from this archive have been lost, it still contains rich sources for the everyday history of Maloroset in the 18th century. - Another archive, which also delivered us quite a few gifts for the peasants, is stored in the Chernihiv Treasury Chamber; it consists primarily of the monastery and land documents received by the Chamber of the Navy with the selection of the treasury of the Little Russian monasteries; Moreover, here is the famous general inventory of Little Russia, compiled by order of Rumyantsov.
Almost exclusively in these two archives we found VSF TV of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which gave us the opportunity to understand the fate of the Little Russian peasantry, if not completely, then at least so much that the history of its imprisonment can no longer be imagined. after the administrative orders of the Russian government, and will be a natural afterbirth of the internal life of Hetman Maloros. sotaniichi: