With the expulsion of the Poles, in Little Russia there were no large landowners - the Polish lords, and with them there was no more privileged class; There is only one embassy left, the people. The land that belonged to the Polish lords before the tfm now, for the moment, remained in the actual ownership of the tbh who cultivated it. But this situation did not last long: the right to the land was presented by the liberators, to whom it should have belonged by right of conquest. And although the entire people took part in the liberation of Little Russia from the Poles, the “Cossacks” considered themselves exclusively the real liberators; Only that part of the people that made up the Khmelnitsky regiment was considered Cossacks, that is, only the soldiers.
These Kozavi, for personal reasons and supported by their elders, began to emerge from the people, 90Polish, and soon united into a special class, which, in great contrast to the Polish, began to connect its origin with Zaporozhye and the principle of the partnership of the Zaporozhye army. ') Prio 1) For the Poles, in Malorosesh on the left bank of the Dibpra - “Cossacks” * were only warriors recruited from the embassy, peasants, who were born in 1658, the Putivask! and governor Pleshchev reported to the Tsar that “it was done to destigmatize their chervas (i.e., those recorded in the register), according to to the royal rosvazan, six thousand, and the rest were ordered (to live) in the city of fht, wherever they wanted, under the panokim, giving themselves all the credit for the liberation of their homeland, the partnership, after expelling the Polish lords, recognized the conquered land as the property of the “army”. From that time on, the land became Host land (viyskova zemlya) and all previous land titles of the Polish possession were destroyed by the Cossack saber, according to the expression of that time *}. nagalom5“.
Acts Zap. and South Rosem, Sh, 5, Under the “cities” here you will understand the region of Malorosoya on the left bank of the Dnieper, as it was called. Li5voberezhnaya Ukraine“‘, and then all its inhabitants were called Cherkassy!
Thus, for the Poles, in Maloros! There were two classes:
1) shllzhta, the nobility, which consisted mainly of Polish gentry (who surged onto the left bank of the Dnvra at the beginning of the KHUN vka), and part, very insignificant, of the vengeful aristocracy, formed at the time when the sovereign Little Russia belonged to Russia (1500 - 1658); 2) the Polish consulate - residents of Moscow and peasants.
With the expulsion of the Poles, the gentry were exiled - the Cossacks, a partnership formed mainly from. the same embassy, which accepted military service; In addition, the circle of fellowship included the remnants of the former gentry, who had failed or did not want to leave Maloroseya during the Khmelnitsky war.
Mospolstvo even after liberation from the Poles remained with the same rights, ‘with the same meaning. The partnership, over time, was divided into two groups: its richest part, the starshyna officer, began to be called, according to legend, the nobility and formed. they are the real nobility of the Little Russian provinces. The greatest partnership was limited to ordinary Cossacks and formed another group; the descendants of the latter make up the current class of “Little Russian Cossacks,” 2) In 1739, a land dispute arose in the Chernihiv regiment over the village of Yanovka, which, for the Poles, was owned by Boris Gryazny; The great-grandson of the latter began to look for this village in 1799, based on the will of Gryaznoy’s wife; but the then-owner Yanovka responded: “although she, the petitioner, has such a thing from her great-grandmother, a noblewoman, Dirty krfpost, only that krupst “It is” cut off in the Cossack style.” Arch. Maloros.
Colleagues, No. 4119. (In the archives of Chernihiv. 'Governor Ruled! I'). tina: tea In its (b this time (i.e., from the half of the 15th century), in Little Russia there are two classes: 1) partnership, Cossacks, who took upon themselves the duty of being armed to protect the clan and receiving (vfrnfe - with: having acquired) for that the right to own the land and are released from all other duties, kromf vopnskaya 3). And 2) the Polish post, peasants - cultivators in the mfshchane - traders, whose duties remained the entire zemstvo service. The right to land of the Polish Empire, although not limited by time, depended on partnership, because the land was Host land (viyskova zemlya), and the “army” constituted partnership.
These two straws, without any other basis, were founded for their division, since the histories of both converged with each other, but were strictly different, however.