4. The procedure for SUPERVISION OVER THE PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATION. In the 18th century, a system of supervision over local administration gradually developed, dividing into two types: a) current and continuous supervision and b) temporary and periodic supervision. The first was carried out by fiscals, gradually replaced by prosecutors; the second—by senators sent to inspect a certain province. Let us say a few words about the historical development of both types of supervision. a) Current and continuous supervision. It was initially carried out by fiscals, who were later replaced by prosecutors. The decree of 1714 entrusted to the supervision of the provincial fiscals the following matters: 1) violation of decrees... 1723... and to observe: abuses or disorder in administration, obliged or the parties with the associates to the provincial fiscal himself in some injustice. ... ober denunciations of a denunciation, 71... The provincial fiscal was obliged to... if there is no petitioner. The decree of 1716 prescribed them to have supervision in churches after the liturgy—on Sundays. The essence of the power of the provincial fiscals... to the vice-governor. In case of an unjust... half was given to the treasury, and the other part was received by the fiscal who reported it... in favor of the ober-fiscal. In case of negligence or inability of any of them for service... 146... 2) all bribes and theft, to the detriment of the state interest, 3) public affairs, the fiscal also signed in cases of state contracts, and by decree it was made a duty, together with the city fiscals... The decree of 1727 slightly changed the order in which fiscal denunciations moved; provincial fiscals and city fiscals initially reported to the landrats and commandants, against them—to the governors-general, governors, and vice-governors, and against the latter—to the chancellery of the Senate. Those accused by fiscal denunciations were interrogated in the Justice Collegium, in the presence of the ober-fiscal and other fiscals. The fiscals present at the interrogation, to avoid any disputes, had to sign the interrogations with their own hands... By the decree of 1729, from the Supreme Privy Council, it was ordered: from all provincial administrations and cities, to summon the provincial fiscals and city fiscals, except for the merchant ones, to Moscow. Following this, another decree was issued in the same year, prescribing 'Fiscals who were from the nobility, the fit ones to be assigned to military service and to affairs where each is worthy, and the unfit ones, having been written into a general list, to be released home.' 'And those of the fit ones who are boyar people, to write into..., and the unfit ones to present to Our Supreme Privy Council.' Thus ended its 18-year existence this institution. After this, the place of the provincial fiscals, at the beginning of the reign of Anna Ioannovna, was taken by the provincial prosecutors. In the very year of her accession to the throne, Empress Anna Ioannovna, by a manifesto of October 2, 1730, confirmed the establishment of the general and ober-prosecutor, as well as all other prosecutors in the collegia and other judicial institutions. By the decree of April 9, 1734, prosecutors were established in some provinces—provincial prosecutors. The subjects of supervision of the provincial prosecutor consisted in overseeing the correct collection of state revenues, taxes 'without arrears' and in general the observance of the treasury's interests in all 'assessments' and contracts. The decree of 1733 defined in more detail the subjects of supervision of the provincial prosecutor. He was prescribed to observe: 1) The governor and his associates, so that they perform their duties conscientiously and according to the regulations, 'if anything hinders, then write everything down in his journal.' ... collegium to which it belonged, ... was considered in that, and the governor's report—to the Senate. ... in order not to dishonor in vain those assigned to prosecutorial affairs, in no case to dismiss them from service without the consent of the prosecutors themselves. The number of clerical servants under the prosecutor was assigned in the same year: one clerk (kantselyarist) and one copyist (kopiist).
7. The relationship of the provincial prosecutor to the provincial authorities was not determined with precision and detail. The Decree of 1733 further established his relationship to the provincial office: the provincial prosecutor had the right to inspect in the provincial office! and everything that he wanted, and the secretaries unquestioningly had to show him everything affairs without informing either the governor or his comrades. The secretaries had to inform him about the cases that were completed during the absence of the provincial prosecutor. By decree of 11767, it was determined that no determination of the provincial presence will be granted until the prosecutor reviews it and declares his consent 3). 152 1775. We mainly followed the development of the structure of the highest regional authority, touching, as necessary, in some NFS and higher levels of management. This is what we had to do when examining the subjects of the departments of the provincial chancellery - judicial, police and financial departments. Published