Division III. 3(b). Subjects of the department of the provincial chancellery: Police department

3. M. 11.712. - eat her tt. vennoy, there was someone who constituted the authorities to gather in the provincial chancelleries! There are also masses of convicts. The prison guards were constantly ordered by the governorate to fill all the prisons, and government decrees of this government quickly began to search for prisoners. In 1121, it was ordered that the governor of the clan should constantly repeat the word twice about the convicts *). At the same time, the great governors have the right to send article lists every three months 3), sometimes every day "), sometimes on the day, for the government to decide on convicts - sometimes every month 5). In 4737, a form was established for sending these article lists °), and in 1761, a special expedition was established under the Senate to examine them 7). The decree of 1963 established the procedure for quickly resolving theft, robbery and bailiffs. Bored with long-term imprisonment °), barely receiving prison '), the convicts ran away from the prisons ''), daily food for Nerfdko, these escapes were also committed on the way to serving the convicts in the metata '). In general, the supervision of convicts was so insufficient that during their imprisonment they were not deprived of the opportunity to harm society: in 1154, for example, the prisoner Nakita Aleksefev, who was working in St. Petersburg, found a cast-iron cannonball in his bag, with which he announced that he was keeping it to kill people, and beat it to the convict burgv, Major Tyutchev, with a dark core of three ku Aleksev at the Admiralty post took out balyappov on the heads from the front garden, and in 1155 the same not K m "sina and hit a foreigner walking from the winter palace with it on the forehead). With such a constant violation of public security, a strong police force was needed to protect society, and `by the way, the provincial administrator is not at all poured this sido, and the security police in the provinces was in the most pitiful state, having been established by Ivan the Terrible, with which he sought to raise the administrative significance of the communities. Among these institutions were provincial elders, who were authorized to capture and execute thieves and robbers. There were no provincial elders established. however, everywhere: in another city governors were in charge of provincial affairs, in another - detectives sent from the government, in the same city sometimes provincial affairs were in the department of either a governor, or detectives, or provincial elders. In 1627, it was ordered to introduce provincial elders everywhere, but not to send detectives. But this decree was not carried out, and the Code ordered governors to manage police officers in those places where there were no police chiefs. In 1669, police officers were given over to the care of detectives, to whom the provincial chiefs were subordinate, and in 1679, both the detectives and the provincial chiefs were destroyed, and their responsibility was entrusted to the voivode. In 1683, they again began to send detectives, but in the next year the provincial elders were restored and continued to exist until their final defeat by Peter V. On March 20, 1702, a decree was issued, ordering: “there should not be provincial elders and detectives in the cities, but all matters should be transferred to the voivode.” to the nobles, to the pomfs and patrimonial lords of those cities, to good and noble people, at the choice of the pomfshchiks and patrimonial lords of the same cities, in large cities in fours and threes, and in smaller ones in two people, and having listened to the TV and the decree on them, the governors make a roar with them P.S. 3, M, 10.541. riotktttcheet tfi nobles in general...” ^) To ensure that there were more robbers in the villages, and to catch the robbers of the court' order?), But very soon the insufficient side of this institution was revealed: in the petition we cited from the Klin, Pozhaisky and Volopsky pomfschiki, in 1709 and 17410, it was shown that since there are no detectives in those cities, & In the villages and hamlets - sotskie and desiatskie - there was no one to catch the slaughterers who appeared in many places. In response to this petition, he was sent to Klin, to Valokalamsyai and in which. ‘for help, it was ordered to take the ryanfs and children of the boyars and all sorts of non-welfare and who were left by the sotsky, fiftieth and ten =, soldiers from the thieves and the wounded government of Mozhaisk detective Kozin were sent to Moscow, in two cities retired two people who served as soldiers, as well as gunners, dispatch of volosts, landowners and patrimonies -:); Wold was a detective who served with the sovereign's servants, the palace of the hundredth and tenth In 4719, the regimental lieutenant Dfev was ordered). according to the governors, according to their 1-> commanders located with the regiments, detach military commanders for the notice of the provincial authorities, ov 5); and in 1719, it was ordered that governors and landrat members take care of it: in 1794, it was necessary to constantly closely monitor both thieves, and the thieves and robbers (reneni thiefs and robbers and landrichters) in °). The poster of regimental commanders and officers was not there in the districts. Those who were in the same way obliged to eradicate this duty were deprived of this duty: in case of a ditch, and they did not even have a clear duty to kill off the robbers. The governors, chiefly fleeing and robberies, very carelessly committed terrible robberies in their districts 7). Therefore, as an order 1, sometimes they talked about them right about aa) P.S. 3. No. 1900. The provincial elders got their salaries. S. 3 M. 3169. UP. WITH.