Z. M. 1879. — not only merchants, but also raznochintsy, “since they are designated for all citizens, and not for merchants alone 1).” In general, the situation of city doctors was the most disastrous: the residents, for example, of the Uglich province did not want to be treated by any doctor 2), and the magistrates and town halls continued not to issue the doctors their designated salary, and the latter sometimes did not even have daily sustenance 3). Therefore, the decree of 1746, confirmed in 1760, prescribed issuing salaries to doctors every third of the year from the provincial and regional chancelleries, subsequently recovering it from the magistrates 4). Sometimes there was a provincial doctor in the governorate, who, one might think, was in charge of the city doctors: thus, for example, in 1751 a provincial doctor was appointed to Astrakhan, with a salary of 600 rubles per year and a state-owned apartment; when necessity required, he was sent to cities and uyezds to examine and treat the sick 5). In 1768, the governors submitted that it would be useful to have a doctor in other governorates as well, to the maintenance of which the nobility might agree 6). By establishing pharmacies and doctors, the government tried to ensure that persons lacking medical knowledge did not engage in medical practice. The decrees of 1721, 1750, and 1756 forbade persons not certified by the Medical Collegium to treat anyone, “and especially base people” 7). But these decrees were constantly violated—and just as pharmacies conducted retail sale of ointments and plasters without prescriptions, so there were ignorant vagabonds who treated many people. In addition, the government tried to establish midwives. In 1754, the life-medic Kondoidi submitted a proposal on the proper establishment of midwifery, as a result of which sworn midwives were ordered to be appointed: in Moscow up to 15, in St. Petersburg up to 10, and subsequently [P. S. Z. No. 8431.] P. S.
1. S.Z. M 11086— 9 CPUs. WITH.
3. M 10.726, - 9 P. S. Z. 13.044 — 7 P. S. Z. No. 97117. 10.486.: then, when there are surplus ones, to assign one midwife to each gubernial town, and upon the satisfaction of the gubernial towns — to assign them to the provincial towns 1). For the improvement of the art of midwifery, a fee was established from women in childbirth, the management of which in 1755 was entrusted to the gubernial chanceries, which sent the collected money in thirds of the year to the Medical Collegium 2). But the government's concerns for public health in the 18th century were not limited to this: having subjected in 1768 her own person and the person of her son and heir to the experiment of the newly invented smallpox inoculation 3), Catherine II tried to spread this inoculation among the people as well. In 1770, the government published an instruction on the care of patients with both natural and inoculated smallpox according to the method of Mr. Baron Dimsdale 4), and in 1772, as a result of the submission by the Irkutsk governor Bril, who 'could not without pity hear every day what... great damage occurs to the human race from natural smallpox...'—a smallpox house was established in Irkutsk for the inoculation of smallpox to the poor and destitute 5).
8. Regional rulers of the 17th century were entrusted with overseeing the purity of morals in the areas in their jurisdiction. Characteristic in this regard is the order of the Verkhoturye governor to the clerk of the Irbit settlement, cited by Mr. Chicheryan °). The governors and governors of the 18th century also had the responsibility of overseeing the tfi, so that the direct Christian Catholic faith was firmly maintained, so that there were no seducers, whom they represented behind the guard to the Senate 7). About priests who had not been confessed °), and since 1754 spiritual righteous °), had to submit annually - ) P.S.
3. M. 10.383.— new offices in the provincial, provincial and voivodeship offices for fines for visa applications. The eradication of extravagance between profiteers, which ruined the peasants, was also ordered by governors and governors in 17719 '); they also had to see to it that there were no suspicious or indecent houses anywhere *); in 4755 they were ordered to eradicate the ungodly game of cards, etc. p. °).