3. M 3466, 16 this “canvases were made widely, the Astrakhan and Azov centuries were prescribed to the governors of Kev, d), 1745, the governors were ordered to propagate saltpeter factories to the nators, so that in the cities and counties of the entire state “against the European states”, and 2). crafts 3); and narrow ones would not try to reproduce in 4745, 1748, 1720 and 1751 the governors ordered that when making leather and all kinds of leather, artisans used blubber instead of tar +); mining factories *); under Peter V. they made sure that the industrialists did not ship ships with staples, but would caulk them in); in general they promoted the successful development of trade and for this purpose they were ordered in 170 to take away from the people of the trading class information about the reasons for the bad state of trade and about the measures to correct it 7); and the governors also scrutinized the correctness of the scales and mfr, which were branded in the provincial and voivodeship offices, duties and accidents °), and the senior regional governors had to make special efforts to improve the land. there is a custom to remove hi? not with sickles, but with small scythes with rakes - therefore, the Baltic Sea governor was ordered in 1791 to send Baltic 1 zhiks to the grain fields to teach ordinary people to remove chl 0% from the field with scythes °). This is the origin of this type of field work that exists with us to this day. It is impossible to deny the government initiative its life-giving influence on the people's industry. The development of agriculture in ai 7 clause 0.3 is also due to the same instigation. No. 2598.— °*) 0. C.
3. M 2966.—and Siberia: Siberian governors were ordered to establish state-owned tithe arable land, assigning Siberian peasants to it. These old governments, about the spread of agriculture in Siberia, constantly faced terrible resistance from the local inhabitants, and the establishment of state-owned arable land was often accompanied by fights and bloodshed’). In 1769, the governors were ordered to take care of the state. arable farming and cattle breeding in their governorates, informing the senate both about diligent and careless cultivators, in order to reward the first, and force the second to be diligent." The governors also took care of the breeding of commercial, garden and pharmaceutical plants, the government made special efforts to distribute raising potatoes: for this purpose, in 4765, the Senate issued a detailed instruction on the cultivation of earthen apples or potetos, called in other countries tartuhels and potatoes *). before the establishment of the Governor. Concern for raising the prosperity of cities and villages, patronage of generally beneficial enterprises; strengthening and spreading, by means dependent on it, all kinds of handicraft, agricultural and commercial industries *) - features of that regulatory system, that state significance of people's industry, which prevailed in the industrial legislation of the 18th century.
5. In former times, public charity had the character of private charity, the main bodies of which were the establishment of churches and monasteries. Peter V. laid the foundation for government charity. However, even in the 18th century. Prizrfnia was mainly in charge of the clergy—for now it was not. it was not O ii eee teiiitiI pet tiitdetteu et 124 finally secularized by Catherine I, who took away the _ monastery imfny in 4964, °) and established the orders of public protection in 1775. But even before the establishment of the provinces, little by little a system of charitable institutions was formed, over which the supervision belonged to the governors. So, in 1742, the governors established hospitals for the elderly and elderly; in 4914, churches established a reception center for illegitimate babies - “so that women in labor would not commit the greatest sin (that is, murder)” - huts in Moscow, and in childbirth wooden. To preserve the adopted babies, skilled wives were elected and received 5 rubles annually. in money, and half a pound of bread per million; on content!e. the same babies were released. 3. money per day t). When the magistrates were established in 1794, it was proposed to establish: a) restraining houses, b) spinning houses (spinning houses) for obscene women, c) state hospitals for the orphaned and wretched, and 4) orphanages and schools.
9. Thus, most of the charitable institutions that existed in 48 vfkb before the establishment of the provinces appeared under Peter. However, his successors also established institutions of this type in some governorates: there are almshouses in governorates. Kazan, Nizhny Novgorod, Voronezh and Blogorodsk °). The highest supervision over public affairs in the province belonged to the governor: