9. The governors also supervised public education—both public and domestic. It was made their special duty to see to it that the shliakhet minors were educated 1). Peter the Great established that all these minors should appear for review and sorting: initially before the colonel, and later—in the Heraldmaster's Office. By the decrees of Anna Ioannovna of 1736 and 1737, it was ordered for noble minors from 7 years of age to appear and register—in St. Petersburg before the Heraldmaster, in Moscow and in the gubernias—before the governors, declaring at the same time how old each one was and what each had studied. Those who appeared for the review were recorded in books, which were annually submitted by the governors to the Heraldmaster. After 12 years, the minors appeared a second time before the governor, who sent some to the Military Collegium for distribution among the regiments, and assigned others to schools. During the rule of Princess Anna of Brunswick, this was abolished by two decrees of 1741, while under Elizabeth Petrovna, in 1749, it was restored again in its former force 2). By the charter of Peter III, the nobility was exempted from compulsory service, and therefore the reviews and sorting of the shliakhet minors ceased by themselves. However, even in the present duties of the governors-general and governors towards young nobles, and especially towards those who have completed their course in higher educational institutions—in the duty 'to care for these young people not only as superiors, but as fathers of families to whom well-bred children are entrusted for their first steps in the field of service 3)'—the historical trace of the review and sorting of shliakhet minors shows through. While supervising the education of the minors, the governors also had to watch over the teachers, so that they would show diligence in teaching and would not cause the students any offenses or exactions according to their whims 4). In general, all educational institutions in the gubernia were under the direct supervision of the governor. With the establishment of Moscow University in 1755 with two gymnasiums—for nobles and raznochintsy 5), the foundation was laid for a separate educational administration: one of the first provincial gymnasiums (until then gymnasiums, apart from the capitals, existed only in the Baltic gubernias)—the Kazan one, established in 1758, came under the jurisdiction of the curator of Moscow University. However, the governor of the Sloboda gubernia, in the instruction of 1765, was ordered to add classes in the French and German languages, mathematics, geometry, and drawing to the sciences taught at the Kharkiv Collegium 6). — The governors also supervised domestic education: in 1755 they were ordered to see to it that domestic teachers and madames (as well as valets and cooks) did not trade in any goods 7). III) Financial affairs. The governor did not have the right on his own either to establish new taxes or to abolish existing taxes. If, however, he found that some new fees could be added, or some of the existing ones could be abolished, except for the poll taxes—he reported with his opinion to the Kammer-Collegium, which submitted this to the Senate. By a decree of the Senate, a new fee was established, or one of the existing fees was abolished 8), —==——=——=—__—_ 1) Note 2 to Art. 372, Vol. II, ed. 1859.—
Division III. 3(b). Subjects of the department of the provincial chancellery: Police department
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