The news of tins outrage was received with the greatest indignation in Paris, and on the fifth of June, 1827, the Moniteur announced that a squadron had sailed from Toulon to demand satisfaction for the insult offered to the Eepresentative of France. This squadron was composed of a ship-of-the-line, five frigates, two brigs, and some smaller craft, in all thirteen sail. On the arrival of this force, the consul and all French subjects embarked, and through the medium of the Sardinian Consul-General, the following demand was made by the commodore. 1. The chief officers of the Regency, with the exception of L the Dey, will proceed on board the flag-ship, and make apologies for that Prince to the French Consul.
2. At a given signal, the French flag will be hoisted at the Casbah, and at the surrounding forts, and saluted with one hundred and one guns. o. The property of French subjects embarked on board an enemy's ship, is not to be seized. 4. No vessels hoisting the French flag, are to be visited by the Algerine Corsairs. 5. The Dey, by a special treaty, will execute, as far as his dominions are concerned, all conventions concluded between France and the Sublime Porte. * 6. The subjects of the following States are to be treated as French, viz: — Tuscany, Lucca, and the Papal States. The Dey would not listen to these terms, and in his answer alluded to various violations of treaty on the part of France.
A blockade then commenced, and the squadron was reinforced by three vessels of the line, and an Admiral appointed to the command. This state of things lasted till July, 1829, when an incident occurred which sealed the conquest of the Regency. The " Provence" ship of the line, and the brig " Alerte," hoisted signals demanding a parley, and anchored in the harbor of Algiers. The Admiral, accompanied by his secretary, an interpreter, some officers, and a guard of honor went on shore and made arrangements with the Minister of marine and foreign affairs, for being presented to the Dey the following morning. Two interviews took place, and no satisfactory arrangements were concluded. In a few davs thev embarked, and sailed out of the harbor, (the flags denoting a parley still flying, consequently forbidding a resumption of hostilities) during which time they were repeatedly fired at by the town and fort batteries.
This event decided the French government to more energetic measures than had hithorto been adopted, and Charles X., at this time becoming from day to day more unstable on his throne, welcomed heartily this unsettled Btate of Algerine affairs, and desired through that channel, to turn the minds of his people from political questions at home, to schemes of conquest abroad. The mass of the nation however, doubted the policy of the expedition; with the army alone it was popular. Early in the year 1830, the principal dock-yards of France equipped eleven sail of the line, twenty-four frigates, seven corvettes, twenty-seven brigs, seven steamers; in all about one hundred sail, which fleet was destined to carry over 37,000 men to the shores of Africa, besides which, many merchant ships were chartered to carry over military stores.
The army was commanded by General de Bourmont, and the fleet by Admiral Buperre. The troops disembarked at Sidi Feruch, about thirteen miles west of Algiers, and after a hard fought battle at Strucli, and the capture of the forts around the town, Algiers unconditionally surrendered. Thuterminated the reign of Hussein, and the Turkish dominas tion in Algeria. A war of nearly twenty year's duration, has left France almost the undisputed master of the country; for since the surrender of Abd-el-Kader, the war against the natives lias been confined to small expeditions for the punishment of a few refractory tribes. That extraordinary chief who surrendered himself to France in 1847, was born in an encampment near Mascara, in the year 180G.
His father took him to Mecca at the early age of eight, and showing great quickness of perception during his youth, much pains were bestowed on his education. Mohhy-ed Din, his father, it appears, conceived the possibility of establishing an Arabian dynasty in Algeria, and such ideas were instilled into the mind of the vouno- Abd-el-Kader. Their discourses however, on this subject, acquired too much publicity, and awakened the suspicions of tiie Bey of Oran, who arrested both father and son; bat they were soon set at liberty on condition of quitting the country. They returned to Mecca, proceeded by land to Tunis, and from thence by sea to Alexandria. From Mecca they visited Bagdad, and in 1828 they returned home, to which step no opposition was made.