' Seven knots was the mean speed obtained in a smooth sea, whether steaming against a fresh breeze or before the wind, and the vessel could be turned completely round by means of the twelve
' The railway that connects Sevastopol, BaghlchaEarai^ and Sympherdpol vitb Ibc south of Russia, was opened (or traffic in January 1875. Unless the railway is prefentd, the most inltresting ride from Baghtchasarai to Sevasl6pot would be past Ailwlor to Shoulou for B view of the valley of the Tchomaya retchka, Tdiorgoun and Baladin. and a portion of the valley of Baidar.
by Google screws with which she is fitted, the first time in sixty seconds, and subsequently in forty-five seconds. Her rolling motion is trifling.' The admiral distinctly stated that it never was his intention that a monitor of the class of the Novgorod should take the sea, the system being for coast defence only, and more particularly at the mouth of a river. He appeared to think that his monitor would be safe from the attacks of torpedoes.
We crossed the bay in a wherry to the north side, and walked up the hill to the Russian cemetery. The superb memorial chapel to the slain during the war, pyramidal in form, is built of Inkerman stone ornamented with mosaics, frescoes, rich marbles, and red porphyry from Kastel near Lambat, and surmounted, at a height of 60 feet, by a large black cross. On the tablets of black marble about the walls, are the names of the officers who fell before the enemy.
At a short distance from this chapel is the monument to Prince Gortchakc^, Commander-in-Chief of the Russian forces in the Crimea; his remains were removed hither at his express desire, * that he might sleep among his brethren in arms, whose valour had kept free from the enemy the soil where their bones now rest.'
The large flat tombs, some fifty in number, each inscribed in Sclavonian ' grave of the brethren,' are the.burial-places of the men who were interred separately, according to the corps to which they belonged.
The following day we bade farewell to the Crimea. The steamer in which we embarked for Odessa was crowded beyond sufferance, tickets having been issued at the company's office greatly in excess of the accommodation provided — an irregular proceeding unfortunately of frequent occurrence. The company by Google ai
I possesses the monopoly of steam-trade on the Russian sea-board, and is in receipt of a handsome subsidy from the Crown, which perhaps accounts for neglect in failing to meet the requirements of the public in a generous spirit
ROCK-CUT CMAPEL,
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CHAPTER XLVIII.
NINETIETH TO NINETy-SECOND AND LAST DAY.
Bereiann Island — Polyoaikyn and SoMvaioff— Village of Parodlyno— Remiins of Olbiopolis -The Milesian Colonists— Their Wars with the Scythians— Olbiopalis subject to Rome— Aniiquiiies— The sect of Slundists— NicolaiefT'-InipenBl Dockyard— Circular Monitors —Opinions of Russian Officers regarding them— Defences of the Boug — The Camps of Maieppa and Charles XII.— r I'iin to Passport on quitting Russia.
The daily communication between Odessa and the river Boug, is a great inducement to visit tiie Imperial dodc-yard at NicoIalcfT. The steamers call at OtchikofT,' where we decided upon landing, that we might the more conveniently take the village of Paroiityno or Ylyn on our way, to visit the site of the ancient city of Olbia.
At 8 A.M. we left Odessa in the ' Taurida,' the same steam-vessel from which we first landed in Russia. Before entering the narrow passage between Otchdkoff and Kinbourn spit, we passed Berezann, at one time a possession of the Olbians, who dedicated on the island a temple to Achilles. Berezann belonged to the Russians in the ninth century, when it was named St. Eleutherius after a bishop whose burial-place it became, and in the Italian charts of the fifteenth century we see that Berezann was also called Barbarese. The Turks, who constructed fortifications on this island, availed themselves for the purpose of all remains of antiquity they could find.
[fragment illegible in the scan of the first edition]
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»22 THE CRIMEA A.VD TRANSCAUCASIA.
At a short distance beyond Berezann above the spit to the right of the channel, are the defences of Kinboum bombarded by the allies on October i6 and 17, 1S55. SouvarofT, who took this fortress from the Turks, announced his success in one of his usual laconic reports.
[fragment illegible in the scan of the first edition]
[fragment illegible in the scan of the first edition]
He sent a like despatch to Marshal RoumyintzoflT, commander of the forces in Moldavia, after the destruction of the enemy's flotilla on his first expedition against the Turks, in 1773.