At that time, a more energetic struggle ensued between the Bulgarians and Russia. Sometimes we see unexpected expeditions from Rus' 1), sometimes completely correct campaigns *). At the beginning of KhPG et. Russian princes manage to establish themselves in the mouth of the river. Oki, where Prince Suzdalsyu build a town and call it Novgorod-Nazhny. Veld zatVm this point is strengthened by the Russian colonizing °). It can be said that the Bulgarians lost: now all their Western trade was at the mercy of Rus'. But Bulgar was trying to find 66%. another way to communicate with the West. In 1218, the Bulgarians undertook a campaign to the north, unexpectedly took Ustyut, standing in the midst of the destruction of the Sukhona and Yug districts, moved behind the scenes to the city of Unzhv, besieged it, but they could not take over “). the opportunity began to threaten Russian trade on the Volga, along its entire course up from the confluence of the Unzha River. But the plans were not carried out, and in 1219 we again see Ustyug in the hands of Rus' 5). tries to stick to Bulgaria, the other, apparently, stands on the side of the Russian princes. The representative of the first is the Mordovean prince Purgae, on the side of Rus' is Prince Pureisha, who is a sworn ally of the Suzdal prince Yury. 00% of the parties find support from the Soviets. At the beginning of KhPI et. The Russian princes undertook a campaign to Bulgaria with significant forces and took the Bulgarian town of Oshel, which, as we saw, lay on the right side of the Volga. This was in 1220 6). But the opposite side is making another attempt to separate Rus' from the mouth of the Oka. In 1229, the Mordovian Prince Purgas came to Nizhny Novgorod. But Mordva was defeated, and the matter was limited to the burning of the monastery of the Most Holy Theotokos °). In the Mordovian land itself, in 1226, an internecine struggle began between Purgas and Pureisha. Yuri sent one of his henchmen to Mordva, then moved himself and destroyed the volost of Pur-
1) For example, in 1173 (Ipat. lt., p. 385).
3) Nizhny Novgorod photo-painter from 1212. (Ancient Russian Vivl!oeika. M. 1191, part XUSH, p. 12).
“) Nikonov. flight. St. Petersburg. 1168, part P, page 340.
5) Laurel. lit., p. 422.
$) Tem.
7) Nikonov. years. St. Petersburg 1768, part I, p. 362.
gasa. The Bulgarian couple acted nervously: having appeared before the Russian-speaking juror Pureisha, he quickly retreated back. In the next year, the Bulgarian side in Mordvinia suffered an almost decisive defeat. The son of Pureisha hired the Polovtsians, defeated Purgas and took him away 1).
In 1229 she arrived in Bulgar from the river. The Bulgarian border guards of the Urals announced the approach of the Tatars to the borders of this state 2). In 1232, the Tatars occupied the southern part of the Bulgarian land, and stopped before reaching the Great City 3). And under 1236 then we read in our photo records: “that same summer the godless Tatars came, captured the entire land of Bulgarekuyu, and took the City, killed both their wives and daughters, and took others into captivity.”) It is clear that the Bulgarians showed strong resistance, judging by such a slow movement of the Tatars. Thus ended the independent existence of the Tatars. Bulgarian kingdom.
At a time when Bulgaria had just begun to flourish, another Volga sovereign, the Khazarek, was already ending its political existence. "When the greatest beginninglessness, fanaticism and deep ignorance challenged each other's dominion over Western Europe, the Khazar power was famous for justice and tolerance, and those persecuted for lies flocked to it from everywhere. Like a bright meteor, it shone on the gloomy horizon of Europe and went out, leaving no trace of its existence. That is why all the exploits The Khazars, a people who so sharply distinguished them from all their neighbors, and in many respects are extremely curious for a historian, appear in a kind of darkness, shrouded in a fog of confused reports of various foreign writers, who with their narrations make even more incredible the sometimes strange institutions of the Khazars. Indeed, given the military interest in the history of this ambivalent people, we know very little about them. Who were the Khazars? Many and here, as in the question © Bulgarians, are expanded. Some consider them Turks 6) others are related to the Fineko - Greek tribes, thinking that one of them was conquered in some distant time
1) See Lövrent. at. under 1228 and 1229
*) Lavrent. lt., p. 430.
3) Puetsch., p. 437.
*) Pudesh, p. 486.
5) Grigorieva, “On the duality of supreme power among the Khazars.” Collection “Roseya and Azya”, p. 66.
[fragment illegible in the scan of the first edition]