5) From Ibn-Gaukal (Gharkavi, Sayings of Muslim Writers, p. 219)
and Andalusi (Khwolzon, Izvfstya Ibn-Dast; p. 88):
8) Savelyev. “Mukhamedan Numismatics”, pp. СХХХ and ‘garden. Khvolzon.
Proceedings of Ibn-Dast, page 88.
leather, In addition to preparing tarpuns, in Bulgaria there are beautiful chain mail. Samples of them have been found: one chain mail is very heavy with a longitudinal slit in the front; the other is solid and light, ‘composed of small and thin rings 1). Some of them were sent to the Bulgarian military 2), some were exported to the east 3). It is impossible to say for certain whether swords were brought to Bulgar, although from Vulgar they were sent to Bukhara, & from there they dispersed to different countries of Asia.”) Perhaps these were swords of Frankish work and brought to Bulgar by Ruvs, since, according to the Arabs, the Russians were armed with precisely such swords, and our chronicle testifies that the double-edged sword was the favorite weapon of the Rusekato Slav. It must also be said that the eastern markets were supplied from the Bulgar with live goods: Slavic slaves also went to the East through Bulgaria 5). bracelets, rings, pins, handles, silk, wool and paper fabrics, vegetables, spices and wine 5). It is impossible not to mention talismans and round metal mirrors with Kufic inscriptions 7); It is interesting that on the banks of the river. Ob, among the Ostyaks, the descendants of Ugra, the same mirror was found in the past, from the same era (Khi XG et), which serves to confirm what was said earlier about the trade relations of the Bulgarians with the distant Sverd 3). Once again, these goods dispersed from Bulgaria to the north and west, to the native tribes and Rus', and even to the west. Europe, what is proven by the finds of all these items in the Baltic countries?). The Bulgarians were also post-rekians in r) Likhachev’s Collection, in Shpilevsky: “Ancient Cities,” p. 279.
2) From Ibn-Dast (Khvalzon, p. 24).
3) Information from Mukadessi (Harqawi, Having Said Muslim Writers, p. 282).
[fragment illegible in the scan of the first edition]
5) T4esh. Slavic slaves were delivered mainly by the Russians. (From Ibn-Dast (ZHvolzon, p. 35). The bringing of swords from 3rd Europe to the Bulgar can, among other things, be indicated by the fact of the discovery there of a sword with incisions in silver and gold in the form of runes, which are partly similar to the Scandinavian ones (Shpilevsvy, “Ancient of the City.” p. 279).
8) Savelyev. Muhamedan numismatics, pp. (XXX X.-XC.
[fragment illegible in the scan of the first edition]
8) Savelyev. “The importance of studying Eastern numismatics.” No. M.N. Ave. Part MP, 269-710.
9) See Savelyev’s description of the treasures in “Mukhamedan Numismatics”, p. 55 et seq.
best, 2 <’ historical ”}
transmissions of the Byzantine and Western European countries of distant Asia. Along the way. inProbably, from z. Europe brought swords to the Bulgars; In addition, brocade was received from the Byzantines to the Bulgars, which was introduced in Rus' under the name of pavoloka. Trade in this product of the Byzantine manufacturing industry was so important that the Russians tried to secure agreements for themselves (). Brocade to the east was known under the name “Rumian dibadzh” 2). Bulgarv also wears beads made of thin glass, coated with silver and gold, on top of which is again a THIN layer of glass, imitating pearls and reminiscent, in the method of production, of an ancient Byzantine mosaic. At this time, these beads are attributed to the X-XII centuries. It is believed that they came from Byzantium. One of the most precious products of nature exported through the Bulgar to the east was amber, which came from the shores of the German Sea 3). The most significant indicators of the extent of Bulgarian trade are the eastern coins that have been preserved to this day and found during excavations. They are located throughout the present-day territory of Rosea along the shores of the Baltic and German seas.”) It makes it possible to quite accurately determine the time to which the beginning of these extensive connections dates back. In the current Peri governorate, near the banks of the river. Kama, Sasanian and Indo-Baktrans coins were found after A.H. 5), showing that it was precisely in this century that trade began between the Kama countries and the distant east.