* A correspondent of the Pall Mall Gazette, who boasts an intimate knowledge of Hungary, says: — ' Throughout the whole of Hungary hardly a public-house or village inn can be found which is not owned by a Jew. The Hungarian lower classes, like the English, are unfortunately addicted to drinking; and it is by skilfully taking advantage of this vice that the Jews make their fortunes, and at the same time raise such illfeeling ajainst themselves. This is how the matter works. A peasant enters a publichouse in the evening intending to spend the few kreutzers he may have in his pocket on drink As soon as these are spent he will very likely get up to go — I have been a witness to this scene more than once myself— but this does not suit the landlord's purpose, who will say to him " Stay a little longer and I will chalk up what jou drink down." The peasant — already, perhaps, a little excited — cannot resist the temptation, and before he has left that evening the commencement of a long score is already made. The next time he finds it so pleasant and simple to drink without paying that he allows his score still further to be increased. This goes on till the peasant is in debt for a considerable sum. Then the Jew turns round, his former civility changes into menaces. Finally he consents to allow the matter to stand over, on the peasant giving security on his land for principal and interest of the debt. A fresh score is run up, the interest is not paid, and at last the Jew seizes the peasant's land; for in Hungary, it must be remembered, every peasant owns a piece of land. In this manner all the peasant holdings are gradually but surely passing into the hands of the Jews. In the village of Cziffer, for instance, and several more places could be quoted, more than one-third ot the lands formerly belonging to the peasants is now owned by the Jew landlords. Any one who knows the deep love the Hungarian peasant has for his land can readily imagine the strong feeling of hatred he will cherish towards the class who have robbed him of it by such means. And it is to this cause, more than any other, that the present disturbances against the Jews are to be traced.' The Gazette's comment upon this is that if this were the ouly ground for Jew-baiting the anti-Semites might more intelligently direct their energies to making tavern scores in Eastern Europe irrecoverable by law. This is the case in England at present.— J. C. B.
' The complaint of the patriotic advocate for the conservation and economic exploitation of forests again is that the Jewish proprietor does not choose to maintain the estates in the condidition in which he buys them; and does not choose to do anything to develope the agricultural capabilities of the land; nor does he choose to adopt the most advanced method of forest exploitation, but clears off the timber by felling a Hanc etoc, and leaving the land to recover itself as best it may, while consequent droughts, and, it may be inundations, devastate the district and the lower lying lands. All this may be saddening; but with existing ideas in regard to the rights of property, who can say him nay? '
My purpose is to report facts. It does not come within the scope of my scheme to correct abuses in the lands upon which I report; but I may state here, as I have stated elsewhere, with a view to the discussion of what may, or might, be done to prevent the occurrence of like evils in other lands, that it is a principle accepted by many students of forest science, that the continued existence of forests in certain circumstances is so essential to the wellbeing of the nation inhabiting the land, that they should be considered national property, held beneficially in trust by the holders, and by the generation of which they are a part, for the nation in its entirety, of past, present, and future existence, each generation successively having the usufruct, but nothing more, being bound to hand them, down to those who come after them in like good condition as they receive them, or with compensating advantages in one form or another for any destruction of them which maybe deemed expedient; and that the exploitation of all forests should be subjectable to legislation with due regard to the rights of private proprietors.
CHAPTER VI. GAME.
Of the game found in Lithuania, Mr Anderson, already cited, gives the following account: —