In February it was 2-6 F. below the London mean, and below the same mom in M > i ire showed an excess of 1-4 and in May of 7 -5 F. alx> The daily mean range of the month was in excess of that of Greem the excess was + 4-4; in May, + -l-l; in June. + -1 I; and in July, + 6'4. In August it was + 4-5; in Si-pi.-inb.-r. -f 1-8; in -r, -f 6-1; in November, -f 3>; in December, + 2-3. In January, in r.bruary. -f in Mar, h, -f 1'5'; 4. 1-1. wing table gives the monthly means and ranges, from April 1.
1865, to May 81, 1856, as deduced from th. observations kept at the Castle hospital, Balaklava: 2c AHT.Nl.IX. So far, then, as can be ascertained by the observations, the Crimean climate, daring the period of the allied occupation, may be characterized as one of extremes. Intense summer heat ami radiation, and severe winter cold. The observed difference of air teinj>erature in July and December was and the difference between the highest sun temperature and the lowest air temperature was 122-5" F. Tindaily variations were also at times excessive. During the hot season, the daily maximum shade temperature ranged from to W K. the minimum ranged from to. The sun temperature, to which the troops were exposed day after day during the same season, varied from 110 to 125 F.
The passage from the sunshine to the shade was attended by a fall of temperature of from to F. A sun temperature of 120' F. was followed by a fall of from to at the minimum period of the same The barometric means, so far as could be ascertained by the aneroid barometer, were steady, and the range under one inch. The rainfall in November, 1855, was 3-167 inches, all of which, except h-ss than half an inch, fell on the last six days of the month. There was a little snow on the 27th. Between the 1st and 12th December there fell inches of rain. There was a little snow on the 13th, and six inches of snow; and 18th together.
During January, 1856, there fell, on thirteen days, '-' -s, and about seven inches of snow fell on the 1th. ">th, and 17th of the month. Snow fell on ruary. the heaviest fall being on the 1st of the month, and equiva; i inches of rain. There was hardly any rain during the month, hut the total fall of snow was equivalent to 2-438 inches. The greatest cold of the year was on the December, 1855, when the minimum temperature was as low as 2'5 F. The maximum of the same day was F. The mean temperature in 48-9; in December, and in January, 1856, -lu F." Sanitary to tke E<ut. C. Table by Dr. < 'hri.-tison, showing the weight and nutritive value of each article issued to the British and to the Hessian soldier as a daily ration: thus exposed in open trenches for la hours, to such inclement weather as now prevails.
Most of them will go on the following evening at 5 o'clock remain out all night till o'clock i j; morning; this routine has been kept up incessantly for the last six weeks.' >uel Maxwell, commanding the -P'.th regiment, a corps which was nearly aunii kness in the months of November and December, states that the number of hours his men were in the trenches in every I iu tinfirst of these months, and 10 in the second; and it was stated by the surgeon, and verified l>y the lieutenant-colonel, that at:ne the men were in the trenches for six successive nights, and had only one night in bed in the course of a week, but that afterwards the duty The duties in the Light Division are thus described by Deputy-inspectorgeneral Alexander, in a letter dated loth December, 1854: In tli7th Fusiliers men were in the trenches 24 hours, without relief, up to or about the 17th November; on the 14th two companies were kept on piquet for 36 hours, when, of course, no cooking took place.