There was always a strong tendency to this fever evinced in our army. The ease with which it was engrafted on other ailments, indicated the fall in k ' tinhealth barometer." killed 285 out of 828 cases. The spring months df the period when it was most prevalent. It was the true maculated typhus as seen at home, with its measly eruption appearing nn the seventh or eighth day, and not unfre<piently complicated with pneumonia. This disease was by no means common in our army, but its ravages were dreadful amongst the French and Russians. The much greater crowding which existed in their probably account much as any other cause, for the difference. The French died of it by thousands, and the Russians by tens of thousands.
Neither I, nor I believe any other how many thus perished, and there is little use in speculating on numbers. The scurvy played here a most important part, as. when it was much oped, the lever was incurable. I cannot say that I had occasion to notice those marked remissions in the <f the ramp, of which several medical men have spoken; but I am persuaded that the treatment by large doses of (plinine seemed to have a the Inw feven of tin- early part of the war. With nt fever we had little to do; but the h. who were stationed along the Tchernaya, aufieied greatly from it, as did the Russians in the valleys on the of the river.
I am not aware of anything peculiar in f.-v.-r as it appeared anionir them; but I have heard from th -ms that men subject to it wenmost unpromising patients, if inju; in-shot, especially it' they combined any of aim with the paludal poison. AVAR. In autumn jaundice was vciy prevalent, though commonly slight and easily curable by a visit to the Bosphorus; still it was sometimes very severe and intractable. The mere change from camp life and feeding, which took place when sent to sea, or to Scutari, commonly " did the doctor" sufficiently. Perhaps, the symptom which most struck the casual visitor to the hospitals during the winter of 1854-5, was the ancemic ap2)earance of the men.
Their blood had been so completely depurated, that they had often more the appearance of chlorotic females than of soldiers. It was impossible, in a great measure too, to get the defect supplied. No treatment almost effected any change, and thus it came to be a most serious affair if any haemorrhage or suppuration had to be encountered. In this rapid review of the diseases of the camp, I have had no wish to be in any way minute. All I intend by reference to them, is merely to indicate those which prevailed, that so their bearing on the surgery of the war might be appreciated. It is clear that many of them owed their existence and fatality to vicious hygienic conditions, of whose influence, in deteriorating the constitutions of the men, the presence and progress of these diseases afforded the best proof.
That these diseases depended on the unfavourable circumstances as to food, shelter, and duty in which the troops were placed, has been clearly demonstrated by Sir A. Tulloch, as he shows that the mortality varied in different corps in an exact ratio with the care that was taken of each in providing them with good food and shelter, even though performing severe duties; and that those troops who were constantly in the trenches, MSKASKS OF TIIF. AKMV. and badly supplied with clothing and food, suffered most. Thus, while the mortality among eight corps in was as high as 73 per cent., and amongst the infantrv generally employed in the trenches 45 percent.; yet, in the naval brigade, who were always engaged, but were well-housed, elnthed, and led, it was under 4 per.